In March 2025, Balochistan witnessed a sharp escalation in human rights violations, marked by widespread enforced disappearances, extrajudicial killings, mass arrests, and violent crackdowns on peaceful protests. A total of 151 individuals were subjected to enforced disappearance; while 56 were later released and one was shifted to jail, 94 individuals remain missing. Whereas, 80 killings were documented, including cases of extrajudicial executions. The month also saw extensive crackdowns targeting the leadership of the Baloch Yakjehti Committee (BYC), peaceful protesters, and activists, resulting in hundreds of arrests.

Enforced Disappearances

Out of the 151 documented cases of enforced disappearances in March, the Frontier Corps (FC) was responsible for 97 incidents, Intelligence Agencies for 27, the Counter Terrorism Department (CTD) for 25, and state-backed Death Squads for 2. House raids accounted for 64% of abductions, detentions in public or undisclosed locations for 33%, checkpoint abductions for 3%, and summons to camps for less than 1%.

District Kalat reported the highest number of enforced disappearances, with 38 cases documented. Quetta followed with 23 cases, and Gwadar accounted for 18. Other districts included Dera Bugti (16 cases), Nushki (12 cases), and Kech (9 cases). Additional cases were reported from Barkhan (7), Mastung (6), Panjgur (5), and Awaran (5). Smaller numbers were recorded from Khuzdar (3), Hub (2), and one case each from Punjab, Jafarabad, Kachhi, Harnai, Naseerabad, Karachi, and Islamabad.

In a majority of cases (90), the occupation of the abductees remains unconfirmed due to lack of available information. Among the known cases, students constituted the largest group, with 24 individuals targeted. Other identified professions included drivers (7), labourers (5), farmers (3), and Levies personnel (3). Smaller numbers of shopkeepers (2), and one case each of a retired teacher, reporter, businessman, tailor, activist, lecturer, doctor, security guard, property dealer, poet, auto mechanic, medical technician, and government employee were recorded.

The majority of the victims (148) were abducted for the first time, while three were subjected to enforced disappearance for the second time.

March 03:

Zia ur Rehman, a 45-year-old rickshaw driver, and Fazal ur Rehman, a 48-year-old RTCM school visitor, both from Killi Suhrab Khan Qambrani, Quetta, were taken from their homes by CTD personnel.
Dawood Satakzai, son of Mohammad Khair Satakzai, and a driver from Mach Bolan, was forcibly disappeared near Jacobabad after intelligence agencies checked his identity card while he was traveling to Punjab.
Jalal Ahmed, a diesel depot worker from Ghati Door, Gwadar whisked away from the vegetable market by the Intelligence agencies.

March 04:

Liaquat Baloch, son of Bijjar, and Bakhtiar Baloch, son of Hassan, both from Ronjhan area of Mashkay, were forcibly disappeared by the FC.
Shaymazar, son of Barkat Ali, a resident of Tasp, Panjgur, was forcibly disappeared from Gwadar by the FC.
FC conducted house-to-house raids in Kalat district, resulting in the enforced disappearance of dozens of individuals. However, all of the victims were later released. They were identified as:
Ashfaq Baloch, son of Khuda Bakhsh, a student
Muhammad Ishaq, son of Hafiz Ghulam Nabi
Jamil Ahmed, son of Maulvi Yasin
Muhammad Hamza, son of Abdul Wahid
Mehrab, son of Abdul Wahid
Misbah-ul-Haq, son of Abdul Jabbar
Ghulamullah, son of Abdul Rashid
Ghulam Fariq, son of Ghulam Nabi
Muhammad Mustafa, son of Ghulam Haider
Mehr Tariq Khan, son of Ghulam Farooq
Abdul Ahmed, son of Ali Ahmed
Nasir Ahmed, son of Ali Ahmed
Balach Khan, son of Ataullah
Faraz Ahmed, son of Faiz Ahmed
Sajid, son of Faiz
Mehr Tariq, son of Jan Muhammad
Muhammad Bakhsh, son of Jan Muhammad
Gator Khan, son of Dad Karim
Samir Ahmed, son of Haji Ramzan
Muhammad Ismail, son of Dar Muhammad
Jamil, son of Hidayatullah
Esmatullah, son of Ghulam Haider
Saddam, son of Muhammad Azeem
Ali Dost, son of Allah Bakhsh
Haji Abdul Rahim, son of Ali Muhammad
Zakir, son of Abdul Rahim
Moeez, son of Muhammad Iqbal
Maulvi Munir Ahmed
Sarfaraz, son of Munir Ahmed
Nik Muhammad Ahmed, son of Haji Muhammad Bakhsh
Naeem, son of Abdul Samad
Asadullah, son of Abdul Hamid
Waqar Qambrani, son of Abdul Rasheed
Wajid Ahmed, son of Khalil Ahmed
Abdul Waheed, son of Mawlvi Abdul Haq
Khalil Ahmed
Abdul Waheed
Noman

March 05:

Saeed Baloch, a 33-year-old security guard at the Law College in Turbat, was abducted by the intelligence agencies from the College. He was later released on March 25.
Wasim Hamza, from Zarin Bugh in Kech, was forcibly disappeared by FC.
Imam Jan, Qasim, and Jasim, residents of Dasht, were detained and forcibly disappeared in Gwadar, and were later released on March 11.
Khalil Khalid, son of Khalid, a student and photographer from Balnigwar, Dasht, was abducted from Baloch Para in Gwadar.

March 06:

Dawood, son of Abdul Qadir, was abducted by FC from a mosque in the Sarikuran area of Panjgur during Isha prayers.
Quresh Ahmed, a 22-year-old laborer from Tapalo Naag, Bit Buleda, Kech, was abducted by FC from Kalatuk, near the University of Turbat, Kech.
Sajjad Ishaq, a 22-year-old law student from Bhagban, Khuzdar, was abducted by Pakistani intelligence from I-10 Markaz, Islamabad. This was his second enforced disappearance, with the first occurring in February 2023.
Rasheed Baloch, son of Gwahram, was detained and forcibly disappeared by FC from the Bundeki area of Mashkay, Awaran district.

March 07:

Aqil Jalil, a 28-year-old medical technician from Washbod, Panjgur, was abducted by state-backed death squads from his shop in front of the Sarikuran police station. He was released on March 14.
Qasim, son of Miran, a student from Faqir Colony, Gwadar, was abducted by the FC during a raid.
Arif, son of Ali Jan, a student from Door Gwadar, was detained, tortured, and transferred to an unknown location by FC personnel.
Dawood Sumalani, son of Inayat Khan, a 24-year-old student at Government Degree College and resident of Killi Shah Nawaz, Quetta, was abducted by the CTD from his home. He was released on April 09.

March 08:

Abdullah Jan (45), Haji Ahmed Bakhsh (60), Muhammad Akbar (40), Juma Khan (60), and Muhammad Tahir (35) were abducted by FC and police forces during a raid in Barkhan.
Qais Nisar, a Levies Police official from Pasni, Gwadar was forcibly taken from his home by intelligence agencies, subjected to torture, and transported to an unknown location.

Karim Bakhsh was abducted by forces from his residence in Pasni, district Gwadar, and remained missing overnight.

March 09:

Noor Khan, a 26-year-old driver from Ronjan, Mashkay, Awaran, was abducted by FC during a raid.
Abid Hussain, a 33-year-old Levies official from Bartei, Mach District Kachhi, was abducted by FC from his home.
Jameel Abid, a poet from Buleda, district Kech, was abducted by intelligence agencies from Hub Chowki.
Aqil Baloch, son of Khuda Bakhsh, was abducted by FC from his home in Mewar area of Mashkay.

March 10:

Muheem, a 14-year-old shepherd was abducted by FC from Kallag Jakki, area of Gwarkop, Kech.
Jawansal, son of Gahwar Bugti, was forcibly disappeared by the FC from Subatpur, Jafarabad.
Kolmeer, son of Kohli Bugti, was forcibly disappeared by the FC during a raid in Rohan Jamali, Naseerabad.
Taimur Baloch, son of Karim Bakhsh, was abducted by FC from his home in Pasni, district Gwadar.
Abid Baloch, son of Somar, a Levies constable, was forcibly taken from his home in the Babbar Shoor area of Pasni by FC.
Usman Naseer Ahmed was forcibly disappeared by FC from his residence in the Dannuk area of Turbat, Kech.

March 12:

Naseebullah Baloch, son of Nizar Mohammad, and a 26-year-old property dealer from Killah Muhammad Hasni Brewery, Quetta, was abducted by CTD from his home.

March 13:

Asif Kareem, a 23-year-old journalist from Barkhan was summoned to an FC camp in Rakhni and then forcibly disappeared. He was later released on 03 April.
Salman, son of Ghulam Mustafa and a resident of Khushin Khair, Mastung, was forcibly disappeared by FC while returning from Mangochar, Kalat to Mastung.

March 14:

Khadim Ali Ahmad, an 18-year-old student from Killi Ismail Madrasa Road, Quetta, was abducted by Pakistani intelligence agency from Samungli Road near the Board Office in Quetta.
Faheem Saeed Ahmed, an 18-year-old student from Joint Road, Quetta, was abducted by the intelligence agencies from Samungli Road near the Board Office in Quetta.
Zahid Nizar, an 18-year-old rickshaw driver from Ward No 7, Rekhposht, Pasni, was abducted by FC from his home in Rekhposht, Pasni.
Ehsan Zain, son of Haji Zadin, and a 35-year-old driver from Washbood, Panjgur, was abducted by FC from his home.
Hafeez-ur-Rehman, a 15-year-old student from Norgama Zehri, Khuzdar, was forcibly abducted by CTD personnel from Jiwani, Gwadar.

March 15:

Basit Ibrahim, a 21-year-old auto mechanic from Balnigwar, Dasht, Kech, was abducted by local death squads from his shop near Fish Harbour, Gwadar.

March 16:

Liaqat Abdul Khaliq Baloch (14), Adnan Mohammad Hayat Baloch (14), and Zia-ur-Rehman Baloch (15) were abducted by FC from the station area and surrounding localities in Nushki and were released on March 20.
Muhammad Usman, son of Haji Muhammad Hassan, a resident of Zorabad, Nushki, was abducted by FC.
Zubair Ahmed, son of Muhammad Dawood, Atta-ur-Rehman, son of Zainul Abdain, Omar Shah, son of Karam Shah, Tahir Khan, son of Sherdil Khan, Hafiz Shakur, son of Hamid Khan, all residents of Chagai, were abducted by the FC from Nushki.
Jalil Ahmed, a resident of Kalat, was abducted by FC from Nushki.
Sanaullah, a resident of Quetta, was abducted by FC from Nushki.
Zabad, son of Abdul Rasheed and a resident of Dandar, Kolwah, district Awaran, was forcibly disappeared by FC from Askani Bazar, Kech.
Sajid, son of Attaullah, was detained and forcibly disappeared by FC from a shop in the New Town area of Gwadar.

March 17:

Nasir Qambrani, a 60-year-old tribal elder from Killi Qambrani, Quetta, was abducted during a raid by the CTD. This was his second enforced disappearance, having previously been abducted in 2015 and held until 2018.

March 18:

Nadir Jan (26), a laborer was abducted by FC and intelligence agencies from Al Hasan Hotel, Kadkocha, Mastung.

March 19:

Pir Jan, son of Karman Bugti, was abducted by FC personnel from Nawab Bazaar, Dera Bugti.
Ali Khan, son of Jani Bugti, was abducted by FC personnel from Nawab Bazaar, Dera Bugti.
Ali Baig, son of Pahi Bugti, was abducted from his home in Dera Bugti.
Jamal, son of Pahi Bugti, was abducted from his home in Dera Bugti.
Haider, son of Dil Muhammad Bugti and a resident of Sui, forcibly disappeared while traveling to Dera Bugti.
Dadu, son of Karman Bugti, was abducted from Nawab Bazaar, Dera Bugti.
Durra, son of Mohammad Bux Bugti, was abducted by armed personnel from Main Bazaar, Dera Bugti.
Altaf Jamaldini, son of Hamidullah Jamaldini, was abducted by FC from Killi Jamaldini, Nushki, during a house raid where residents were also assaulted.
Abid, son of Eid Muhammad and a resident of Tratadan, Mashkay, district Awaran, was abducted by FC from his home.
Haji Abdul Rahman Qambrani was abducted by FC from his home in Killi Qambrani, Quetta, and was later released on March 24.

March 20:

Salman Baloch (20), a farmer from Lakka Mastung, was abducted from his home by CTD and Pakistani intelligence agencies during a raid in which women were tortured.
Zahir Ashraf (35), a farmer from Lakka Mastung, was abducted from his home during the same raid.
Sheeraz Siddique (23), a driver from Lakka Mastung, was abducted from his home during the same raid.
Sarfaraz Baloch was abducted by FC during a home raid in Mastung.
Muzammil Baloch was abducted by FC during a home raid in Mastung.
Riaz, son of Muhammad Bakhsh Bugti, was abducted by FC and Pakistani intelligence from Main Bazar, Dera Bugti.
Anwar, son of Rehan Bugti, was abducted by CTD and Pakistani intelligence from Jath Hotel, Sui Bazaar.
Umar Khan was detained and forcibly disappeared by FC from Barkhan.

March 21:

Jameel, son of Khawand Bakhsh Bugti, was abducted by FC during a raid on his residence in Dera Bugti. His family was subjected to intimidation during the raid.
Tahir, son of Shadman Bugti, was abducted by FC from his residence in Dera Bugti.
Arif, son of Mitho Bugti, a shopkeeper, was abducted by FC from his shop in Sui, district Dera Bugti, after being brutally beaten.
Ali Khan Bugti, son of Jani Khan Bugti, was abducted by FC during a raid on his residence in Dera Bugti.
Raza Muhammad, son of Mahmood Bugti, was abducted by FC during a house raid in Dera Bugti city.
Haris, son of Riyasat and a resident of Gishkaur, Awaran was abducted by intelligence personnel from Breshna Hotel, Hub Chowki.

March 22:

Israr, son of Alam Khan, and Mehraj, son of Allah Bakhsh from Gresha, Khuzdar, was abducted by CTD in Quetta.

March 23:

Nabeel Ahmed, a student and poet from Muhalla Mujahid Ward, Gwadar, was abducted by MI from Do Besth o Panja (250) Border and later released on April 11.
Amir Jameel, a 31-year-old government servant from Gawar Khan Street, Golimar Chowk, Quetta, was abducted by FC from Spiny Road, near Kharotabad Police Station.
Nihal, son of Rando Bugti, was abducted by FC during a raid on his residence. During the raid, valuables were looted from the house.
Khalid, son of Saleh Muhammad Zehri, was abducted by FC from his home in Zaidi area of Zehri, Khuzdar.

March 24:

Irfan Baloch, a 25-year-old student from Faizabad, Saryab Road, Quetta, was abducted by CTD from Shahbaz Khan Chowk, Qambrani Road, Quetta.
Shokat Ali, a student and resident of Pirandar, Awaran, was abducted by the CTD from Killi Ibrahimzai, located on Brewery Road in Quetta.

March 25:

Naveed Baloch, a 25-year-old medical student, and his father Khalil Ahmed, a 60-year-old farmer, from Joint Road, Quetta, were abducted by CTD from their home. Naveed was released on April 03, while Khalil Ahmed remains missing.
Zamur, son of Bachal Bugti, was abducted by CTD and intelligence agencies during a raid on several homes in Garani, Sui, Dera Bugti. During the raid, forces looted cash and valuables.

March 26:

Akram, a rickshaw driver from Baloch Muhallah Kalari, Lyari, Karachi, was abducted by the Rangers.

March 29:

Rehmat Ali, son of Ali Sher, and Kashif Ali, son of Muhammad Aslam, both residents of Naseerabad, were abducted from their residence in Killi Bangulzai, Quetta, by CTD and intelligence agency personnel who forcibly entered their home and tortured them before taking them away.
Samiullah Kurd was detained and forcibly disappeared by FC during a house raid in the Saryab area of Quetta.
Ashraf, son of Qadir Bakhsh and a resident of the Ahuri area in Awaran, was abducted by the FC from from a checkpoint while traveling from Turbat to Awaran.

March 30:

Sibghatullah Shahji, a prominent leader of the BYC was forcibly disappeared by the CTD during a raid on his house in Satellite Town, Quetta. Along with him, his brother Dr. Sanaullah, a lecturer at Makran Medical College, and two nephews, Shams Alam and Aftab, were also abducted. Prior to the abduction, CTD had raided his residence multiple times, harassing the family, confiscating phones, and intimidating them. Dr. Sanaullah, Shams Alam, and Aftab were released the following day, but Shahji’s whereabouts remained unknown until it was confirmed on April 2 that he had been transferred to Hudda Jail. He is still in the jail.

March 31:

Qambar Karim, a student from Sajidi Bazar, Kolwah, Awaran, and Murad Sakim, a driver and resident of Shahabad, Turbat, were abducted by FC personnel at a checkpoint in the Apsar area of Kech. This marks Qambar’s second abduction; he was previously detained in August 2023 and released in November 2023.

Undocumented Cases from Previous Months of 2025:

On January 3, Habibullah, a 22-year-old tailor master from Killi Badal Karaiz, Nushki, was abducted by the intelligence operatives from Liaquat Bazar, Quetta.
On February 13, Juma Khan Marri, son of Khan Gul from Garibabad, Harnai, was taken away by FC in Harnai Bazaar. Despite repeated efforts, his family’s attempts to file an FIR at the local police station have been rejected.
On February 16, Ziauddin, son of Atta Muhammad, was abducted by FC from Saryab Mill in Quetta.
On January 29, Shams, son of Muhammad Anwar, forcibly disappeared from Hazarganji, Quetta. Shams was the only provider for his three younger sisters.
On February 26, during a press conference, Abdul Hakim, a resident of Gichk Sarikuran, Panjgur, revealed that intelligence agencies stormed his house, assaulted the family, fired shots, and abducted his 16-year-old son, Naseebullah at gunpoint. The operatives also looted 150,000 rupees during the raid before fleeing.
In February, Sameer, son of Muhammad Wali from Nigor, Panjgur, forcibly disappeared from Yasin Market. According to his family, Sameer earned a living through border trade by operating a transport vehicle.

Killings

In March 2025, a total of 80 individuals were killed, comprising 74 males and 6 females. Of these, 41 victims were identified, while 39 remain unidentified.

The incidents recorded across various districts. Kachhi reported the highest number of incidents with 33 cases, followed by Kech with 10 and Awaran with 8. Sohbatpur accounted for 7 incidents, while Panjgur and Quetta each reported 5 cases. Khuzdar and Dera Bugti registered 4 incidents each, and Mastung reported 2. Gwadar and Hub recorded the lowest figures, with 1 incident each.

Out of the 80 deaths:

20 individuals were killed by unknown armed men for unknown motives. Among them was Rehana, who was killed while resisting the abduction of her husband, Abdul Hameed, in Panjgur on March 16. Abdul Hameed’s tortured body was found the following day. In Sohbatpur, unknown armed men killed seven members of a family, including two children, and set their hut on fire.
Three individuals were killed by the Baloch Liberation Army (BLA-Azad) in Buleda, who accused them of supporting state forces against the Baloch national movement. While one was killed by the Balochistan Liberation Front (BLF) over allegations of being part of a military intelligence-backed death squad.
Three individuals were killed by death squad groups. Shah Jahan Baloch, brother of Zahid Baloch (BSO-Azad), was shot dead in Naal, Khuzdar, on March 15. Ehsan Baloch, a BYC activist and shopkeeper, was killed in Naal on March 23. Nizam Ali was abducted by death squad operatives in Buleda; his body was recovered on March 11.
Four individuals — two men and two women — were killed in honor killings in Dera Bugti.
Five dead bodies were discovered from different areas. One of the victims identified as Bebegr, a resident of Dazin, Kech, who was abducted by unidentified motorcyclists and his body was found two days later in the Nihang River, Gumazi. Two unidentified youths were discovered dead in Killi Lakha, Mastung. Amir Bakhsh, 35, was found dead near Gadani Stop, Hub. Muhammad Kashif, a BC constable, was found shot dead in Quetta.

Extrajudicial Killings by the state forces

Twelve individuals were killed by Pakistani forces during the month.

March 3

On February 28, FC raided a village in the Shariki area of Mashkay, forcibly disappearing ten young men: Momin Aslam (son of Aslam), Kamran (son of Muhammad Alim), Mehraj Niaz (son of Niaz Muhammad), Hafeez Amin (son of Ameen), Zaheer (son of Niaz Muhammad), Saif (son of Latif Baloch), Safdar (son of Inayat Baloch), Qamar Deen (son of Dostain Baloch), Washdil (son of Qadir Dad), and Dostain Qadir (son of Qadir Dad). On March 1, their families approached the Mashkay Nali army camp, where the Major confirmed custody of all ten. He assured that they would be released after interrogation. However, on March 3, four of them — Momin Aslam, Kamran Alam, Mehraj Niaz, and Hafeez Amin — were killed. Their bullet-riddled bodies were found along the roadside.
Separately, Shahid (son of Abdul Hamid), abducted by FC from Gwadar on July 23, 2023, was found dead in the Robar area of Jiwani. His body was burnt, with only his head remaining intact.

March 21

Police violently attacked a BYC sit-in protest in Quetta, killing three individuals: Nehmat (13 years old), Habibullah, and Imdad. Several others were injured.

March 26

The mutilated bodies of four Baloch men were discovered in Mashkay. All had been held incommunicado by the forces before being killed. The victims were:
- Touseef Baloch (son of Muhammad Azeem), abducted December 13, 2024.
- Zaheer Baloch (son of Niaz Muhammad), abducted February 28, 2025 (his brother Mehraj Niaz had been executed earlier).
- Irshad Baloch (son of Wahid Baloch), abducted February 27, 2025.
- Saif Baloch (son of Latif Baloch), abducted February 28, 2025.

March 28

The mutilated body of Anas Barkat, a young shopkeeper, was found in the Kech River. He had been forcibly disappeared by Pakistani intelligence for the second time on October 2, 2024.

State Repression of Peaceful Protests and Activists After the Jaffer Express Hijacking

On March 11, 2025, the Baloch Liberation Army (BLA) hijacked the Jaffer Express in Balochistan. In response, the Pakistani government launched a crackdown under the pretext of counterterrorism, mainly targeting peaceful activists. The military claimed to kill 33 “terrorists,” but the BLA confirmed only 13 of its members were killed, releasing their names and photos. On March 18, security forces brought 23 bodies to Quetta Civil Hospital, labeling them as militants. Thirteen bodies were secretly buried at Kasi Graveyard without identification. While the government claimed they were militants and handed them to Edhi Foundation for burial, Edhi denied involvement. These contradictions fueled fears among families of missing persons, who were barred from identifying the bodies, raising doubts about the true number and identity of the dead.

When families tried to enter the hospital, security forces violently attacked them, injuring several and arresting many, including Saeeda Baloch and her sister on March 19. House raids on activists soon followed.

On March 20, CTD police took away Bebarg Zehri and his brother Dr. Hammal Baloch during a pre-dawn raid in Quetta. Dr. Ilyas Baloch, a prominent psychiatrist, was also detained along with his son and another relative but was released the next day.

In protest, the BYC organized a rally in Quetta, which security forces suppressed violently. Despite this, the BYC launched a sit-in outside the University of Balochistan on March 21. Police attacked the peaceful protest, killing three, including 13-year-old Nehmat Baloch.

The BYC continued their sit-in with the bodies, calling for a Balochistan-wide shutter down on March 22. Security forces again attacked, arresting Dr. Mahrang Baloch, Beebow Baloch, and others, and seized the bodies. Protests expanded to Karachi, where Sammi Deen Baloch and many others were violently detained on March 24. Sammi was later released, but arrests of BYC leaders, including Sibghatullah Baloch and Gulzadi Baloch, followed.

During this crackdown, hundreds of protesters were arrested, injured, or subjected to forced disappearances, including the fathers of Beebow and Dr. Sabiha Baloch. Despite international human rights groups’ calls, detained BYC leaders remain in illegal custody.

For updated details on the ongoing state crackdown against peaceful protests, refer to our fact sheet linked below.

Fact Sheet: